As electronic products continue to evolve toward greater integration, miniaturization, and intelligence, electronic components are facing the dual challenges of increased power output and surging heat flux density. At the same time, rapid advancements in semiconductor technology—particularly ongoing innovations in cutting-edge fields such as new energy, information technology, and aerospace—have led to a sharp rise in heat generation. Against this backdrop, thermal performance has become the core bottleneck limiting the further development of high-power devices.
Thanks to its high thermal conductivity and significant advancements in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technology, diamond has emerged as a star material in the field of thermal management. Diamond’s exceptional thermal conductivity not only effectively extends the service life of electronic components but also significantly enhances the overall performance and operational efficiency of devices, providing a powerful solution to overcome thermal management challenges.
Diamond conducts heat through lattice vibrations. The quantum energy of carbon atoms’ vibrations is relatively high—meaning their vibration frequency is very high—resulting in exceptionally high thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of natural single-crystal diamond at room temperature (25°C) can reach 22 W/(cm·K). By comparison, the thermal conductivity of copper is approximately 4 W/(cm·K), while that of silicon, a traditional semiconductor material, is less than 2 W/(cm·K). Diamonds grown artificially using the CVD method typically also achieve a thermal conductivity of 10–20 W/(cm·K) at room temperature.
