- Raw Material Purity
The main raw materials used in the production of synthetic diamonds are graphite and catalyst metals. If the graphite contains impurities, such as silicon, iron, calcium and other elements, these impurities may enter the diamond lattice during the high temperature and high pressure synthesis process, reducing the purity of the diamond.
The purity of the catalyst metal is also critical. A catalyst with too high an impurity content can introduce other elements that can affect the growth and purity of the diamond.
- Synthesis Equipment and Processes
Reaction chamber environment: The presence of residual impurities in the reaction chamber of a high temperature, high pressure synthesis facility may react with the raw material during the synthesis process and contaminate the diamond. For example, metal shavings or other attachments on the inside of the chamber may mix with the diamond crystals at high temperatures and pressures.
Temperature and Pressure Control: Precise control of temperature and pressure during the synthesis process is critical to ensure diamond purity. Uneven and unstable temperatures or pressures may cause defects in the diamond growth process, making it easier for impurities to enter the crystal structure. For example, too high a temperature may cause graphite to overreact, producing excessive non-diamond carbon phases and reducing purity; insufficient pressure may result in incomplete crystallization of diamond, with unreacted graphite or other impurities trapped in the crystals.
Synthesis time: If the synthesis time is too short, the raw materials may not be sufficiently reacted and excess impurities may remain; if the synthesis time is too long, it may lead to overgrowth of diamond crystals, which may encapsulate more impurities.
- Post-treatment process
Acid washing: Acid washing is an important process to remove the impurities on the surface of the rough synthetic diamond. If the acid washing is not thorough, impurities such as metal catalyst and graphite will remain on the surface of the rough material, affecting the purity.
Alkali washing: Alkali washing can further remove some acidic impurities and organic pollution on the surface. Alkali washing conditions are not appropriate, such as lye concentration is too low, cleaning time is too short, etc., can not effectively remove impurities, which in turn affects the purity of diamond rough.
Drying: If the drying process does not pay attention to the environmental cleanliness, it may make the diamond rough material adsorb dust, water vapor and other impurities in the air, which will reduce the purity.
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